The Papers of Stanley Dance and Helen Oakley Dance are an important resource for the study of 20th-century jazz history in the United States. Of particular interest are transcripts from interviews with a number of jazz musicians, a large selection of photographs, and sound recordings, many of which are unique. Most – but not all – of the material having to do with Earl Hines and Duke Ellington can be found in their respective series. Researchers are advised to examine other series for additional material. Perhaps the greatest limitation of the Papers is the lack of material from Helen Oakley Dance's career before 1950. This likely has to do with her moves across the Atlantic, and time spent in military service. Researchers are advised to consult the oral history collections listed under Associated Materials.